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In this chapter, we discuss the influence of some of these microbial-related metabolites on host (patho)physiological processes known to be involved in the development of metabolic disorders, such as obesity and its related comorbidities

The hydroxyl group allows carnitine to form ester bonds with fatty acids, enabling the transport of these fatty acids into the mitochondria for -oxidation

CPT1 catalyzes the transfer of the acyl group from Coenzyme A to a molecule of L-carnitine, creating a newly formed complex called acylcarnitine

TMAO activates the NLRP3 inflammasome through three distinct signaling mechanisms: mitochondrial dysfunction induced by Rac1-NOX2-dependent ROS production, which causes cytosolic release of oxidized mtDNA